By Caleb Patton
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30 Jul, 2024
Caleb Patton with Broker Brothers Mortgage here to talk to you about variable income. How your income is calculated matters immensely in the mortgage underwriting process, and many people misunderstand this. There are various ways we earn money, and many of them are not consistent. The easiest types of income to calculate are W-2 hourly or salary income. If you’re on a salary, this is ideal and straightforward to understand. This calculation is crucial as it affects how much home you can easily qualify for. If you’re an hourly employee consistently working 40 hours a week, this is also a non-variable and easy-to-calculate income source. However, many income sources are variable, starting with hourly employees who don’t consistently get 40 hours a week. For example, full-time nurses often work 12-hour shifts, three days a week, totaling 36 hours. According to many guidelines, this may not be considered a consistent full-time, non-variable income. If your income is variable because you’re not a consistent 40-hour-a-week employee, or if you have other types of pay like bonuses, commissions, self-employment income, or shift differentials, this income is often calculated on a two-year average. We need an average monthly income to determine your debt-to-income ratio, a key qualification factor alongside credit score and others. To calculate an average monthly income when it's not consistent, we often take it over a two-year period. Sometimes, it can be as little as one year, depending on the program, which is why brokers offer better options and flexibility. In general, we look at your income over two years. If it’s increasing year over year, we average it out over those two years to get your monthly average income for variable income. There are nuances to this process, but these are the basics to understand and appreciate variable income.